Grievances

A grievance is a perceived wrong or injustice that a person or group believes warrants attention or redress. The term is often used to describe formal complaints lodged within organizations, such as workplaces, but it can also refer to public or collective claims against policies or authorities. Grievances can arise from perceived violations of rights, unfair treatment, or breaches of agreement.

In employment contexts, grievances typically concern pay, working conditions, discipline, harassment, or discrimination. In broader settings, grievances may concern government decisions, legal rights, or social injustices. Some grievances are individual, others are group or collective, sometimes addressed through unions or citizen advocacy.

Most organizations establish grievance procedures to facilitate resolution. Common steps include informal discussions, a formal written grievance, an investigation, findings and recommendations, and a final decision. Procedures emphasize timeliness, confidentiality, and impartial review, and allow appeals or mediation if parties disagree.

Outcomes vary and may include policy changes, compensation, reinstatement, or disciplinary actions. Effective grievance handling can prevent escalation, protect rights, and preserve relationships, while inadequate processes can erode trust and lead to further conflict.

See also: complaint, mediation, arbitration, labor law, restorative justice.