Grafitinterkalatsioonühendid

Grafitinterkal refers to compounds formed by inserting guest atoms or molecules between the layers of graphite. These intercalation compounds, often called graphite intercalation compounds (GICs), exhibit significantly altered electronic, magnetic, and chemical properties compared to pristine graphite. The process involves the diffusion of guest species into the van der Waals gaps between the graphene layers. The structure of GICs is typically described by stages, where stage-n signifies that guest layers are interleaved with n-1 layers of graphite.

The nature of the guest species can vary widely, including alkali metals, halogens, acids, and even organic molecules. For example, potassium-graphite (C8K) is a well-known GIC formed with alkali metals. The intercalation process can lead to changes in the graphite's electrical conductivity, often increasing it significantly, and can also induce superconductivity in some cases. Furthermore, GICs have found applications in areas such as battery electrodes, catalytic materials, and as precursors for producing other novel carbon materials. The precise structure and properties of a GIC depend on the specific guest species, the graphite structure, and the intercalation conditions. Research continues to explore new guest species and optimize intercalation methods to tailor GIC properties for advanced technological applications.