GnRHinduced

GnRH-induced refers to responses initiated by gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) or its analogs that stimulate the anterior pituitary to release the gonadotropins luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). In physiology, GnRH is released in pulses from the hypothalamus, and GnRH receptors on pituitary gonadotrophs mediate secretion of LH and FSH in a pulsatile fashion.

The pattern of GnRH exposure influences the relative output of LH and FSH. Pulsatile GnRH activates Gs-coupled signaling, increasing cAMP and downstream pathways to drive gonadotropin synthesis and release. Higher pulse frequency tends to favor LH secretion, while lower frequency favors FSH. Continuous exposure to GnRH or GnRH agonists can suppress gonadotropin release through receptor desensitization.

Clinically, GnRH-induced ovulation is a key component of assisted reproductive technology: administration of a GnRH agonist can trigger an endogenous LH surge to mature oocytes, often followed by luteal support or pairing with exogenous hCG. Pulsatile GnRH therapy is also used to treat certain forms of hypothalamic or gonadotropic hypogonadism; GnRH antagonists are used to prevent premature LH surges in IVF cycles.

Diagnostic GnRH stimulation tests evaluate pituitary reserve of LH and FSH by measuring response to administered GnRH.

Adverse effects are related to the driven gonadotropin changes and the underlying condition treated. Flare can occur with GnRH agonists, and long-term therapy may cause hypoestrogenism, bone loss, or testosterone suppression, depending on sex and indication. GnRH-induced responses are central to both reproductive endocrinology and certain diagnostic procedures, and they underscore the importance of pulsatile signaling in gonadotropin control.