Glukosebalansen

Glukosebalansen refers to the regulation of glucose levels in the bloodstream. Glucose, a simple sugar, is the primary source of energy for the body's cells. Maintaining a stable concentration of glucose is crucial for proper bodily function.

This balance is primarily managed by hormones, with insulin and glucagon playing key roles. Insulin, produced by the pancreas, lowers blood glucose by facilitating its uptake into cells for energy or storage. When blood glucose levels rise, such as after a meal, insulin is released. Glucagon, also produced by the pancreas, has the opposite effect, raising blood glucose. It stimulates the liver to release stored glucose into the bloodstream when levels drop, for example, during fasting.

Other hormones and factors also contribute to glucose homeostasis. The adrenal glands produce hormones like adrenaline and cortisol, which can increase blood glucose in response to stress. The kidneys also play a role by reabsorbing glucose and preventing its loss in urine.

Disruptions in glukosebalansen can lead to health problems. Persistently high blood glucose levels, known as hyperglycemia, are characteristic of diabetes mellitus. Conversely, dangerously low blood glucose levels, hypoglycemia, can impair brain function and lead to various symptoms. Maintaining a healthy glukosebalansen is therefore vital for overall health and well-being.