Glukoositasoon

Glukoositasoon is the Finnish term for glucose concentration, referring to the amount of glucose in the bloodstream. In medical and physiological contexts, it describes the level of circulating glucose in plasma and, less precisely, in other body fluids. Glucose concentration is a key indicator of energy balance and metabolic health, and it is tightly regulated by the body.

Glucose is measured primarily in plasma or serum using blood samples. The most common tests are fasting plasma glucose, the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Normal fasting plasma glucose is typically below 5.6 mmol/L (100 mg/dL). In the oral glucose tolerance test, a 2-hour plasma glucose below 7.8 mmol/L (140 mg/dL) is considered normal; 7.8–11.0 mmol/L (140–199 mg/dL) indicates impaired glucose tolerance, and 11.1 mmol/L (200 mg/dL) or higher suggests diabetes. HbA1c reflects average glucose over about three months, with normal values generally below 5.7%, and diabetes diagnosed at 6.5% or higher (in percentage terms; other units exist in some guidelines).

The body maintains glucose levels through liver glucose production and uptake by muscles and adipose tissue, under hormonal control by insulin and counter-regulatory hormones such as glucagon, cortisol, and adrenaline. Abnormal glukoositasoon values can indicate health issues such as diabetes, prediabetes, hypoglycemia, or stress-related hyperglycemia, and are used to guide diagnosis, treatment decisions, and monitoring in clinical care. Normal ranges can vary by laboratory and guidelines.