Glukometer

A glukometer (also spelled glucometer) is a portable medical device used to measure the concentration of glucose in a small sample of blood. It is widely used by people with diabetes for self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) and by clinicians to manage treatment.

Most glukometers work with disposable test strips that contain enzymatic reagents. A drop of blood is applied to a strip, which is inserted into the meter. The strip’s chemical reaction generates an electrical signal (electrochemical sensing) or a color change (less common in modern devices), and the meter converts this signal into a glucose value. Readings are typically displayed within seconds. Measurements are given in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) in some countries or millimoles per liter (mmol/L) in others.

Typical operating ranges for many meters span roughly from 20 to 600 mg/dL (1.1 to 33.3 mmol/L). Accuracy is guided by international standards such as ISO 15197; newer devices aim for close agreement with reference methods across common glucose levels. Accuracy can be affected by factors including hematocrit, temperature, altitude, and strip quality.

Usage and maintenance considerations include storing strips in their original container, avoiding exposure to moisture or heat, and checking expiration dates. Some meters require calibration with control solutions or automatic calibration. Proper disposal of lancets and safe handling of blood samples are essential. Many glukometers offer data logging and connectivity options to transfer results to smartphones or computers, aiding trend analysis and remote monitoring. Related technologies include continuous glucose monitoring systems, which provide ongoing glucose data without repeated finger-pricks.