Glikozyd
Glikozyd, in English glycoside, is a molecule in which a sugar moiety (glycone) is bound to a non-sugar aglycone via a glycosidic bond. The bond is most commonly O-glycosidic, but C-glycosides also occur. The sugar part can be glucose, galactose, rhamnose, arabinose and other monosaccharides, while the aglycone spans a wide range of structures, including phenolics, terpenoids, steroids and alkaloids.
Glikozydy occur widely in nature, especially in plants, where they serve roles in storage, defense and signaling.
Examples encompass cardiac glycosides such as digitoxin and digoxin from Digitalis species, which inhibit Na+/K+-ATPase and
Biosynthesis typically involves glycosyltransferases that attach sugar units to the aglycone. In metabolism, glycosides can be
Pharmacological and safety aspects vary widely; cardiac glycosides have potent effects and narrow therapeutic windows, necessitating