Glacialfluvial

Glacialfluvial refers to processes and landforms associated with meltwater streams flowing from glaciers. These streams carry a significant amount of sediment, ranging from fine silt and clay to large boulders, eroded from the glacier and the underlying bedrock. The deposition of this sediment by glacial meltwater creates distinctive features.

One common glacialfluvial landform is the outwash plain, a broad, flat area composed of stratified sand and gravel deposited by meltwater streams as they leave the glacier's terminus. These plains can extend for many kilometers. Kettle lakes, depressions formed when blocks of ice melt within outwash plains, are also characteristic features.

Other glacialfluvial features include eskers, long, sinuous ridges of sand and gravel deposited by meltwater flowing within or beneath a glacier. These ridges often mark the path of subglacial or englacial streams. Kame terraces are level or gently sloping benches of sand and gravel formed along the sides of glacial valleys, deposited by meltwater streams flowing between the ice and the valley wall. Finally, deltas can form where glacial meltwater streams enter a standing body of water, such as a lake or the sea, accumulating sediment in a fan-shaped deposit. The study of glacialfluvial features is crucial for understanding past glacial extents and the dynamics of glacial erosion and deposition.