Geotermískri

Geotermískri refers to geothermal energy, which is thermal energy generated and stored in the Earth. This heat originates from the original formation of the planet and from the radioactive decay of minerals. The Earth's internal heat is continuously produced by slow radioactive decay of elements like uranium, thorium, and potassium. This heat flows outward from the Earth's core through the mantle and crust.

Geothermal energy can be harnessed in several ways. One common method involves drilling wells into underground reservoirs of steam or hot water. This steam or hot water is then brought to the surface to drive turbines connected to generators, producing electricity. In areas with lower temperatures, geothermal heat pumps can be used to transfer heat from the ground into buildings for heating and cooling purposes. These systems utilize the stable temperature of the Earth a few feet below the surface.

The utilization of geothermal energy has a long history, with ancient civilizations using hot springs for bathing and heating. Modern geothermal power plants provide a renewable and relatively clean source of energy. Compared to fossil fuels, geothermal energy produces significantly lower greenhouse gas emissions. However, the availability and economic viability of geothermal power vary greatly depending on geographical location and the geological characteristics of the region. Some geothermal areas can also release gases like hydrogen sulfide, which needs to be managed.