Geopark

A geopark is a defined geographic area whose geological heritage is of international, national, or regional importance and is managed with an emphasis on conservation, education, and sustainable development. Geoparks typically encompass diverse landscapes, fossil and mineral resources, and related cultural or industrial heritage, and they are managed through cooperation among local governments, scientists, educators, and community groups. The concept combines geoscience protection with opportunities for research, geotourism, and public engagement, often spanning multiple municipalities or regions.

UNESCO Global Geoparks are geoparks recognized by UNESCO for meeting specific criteria related to geoconservation, education and interpretation, sustainable development, and governance. The designation aims to raise awareness of geological heritage, support local economies through responsible tourism, and foster long-term protection and community involvement. The process usually involves a detailed plan describing geosite inventory, conservation measures, educational programs, and a framework for ongoing cooperation among stakeholders.

Geoparks operate through networks that facilitate knowledge exchange and the sharing of best practices. Practical activities include mapping and monitoring geosites, developing interpretive materials and visitor facilities, delivering educational programs for schools and adults, and supporting scientific research. They also emphasize sustainable development by promoting regional products, cultural tourism, and community participation. By linking science, culture, and local livelihoods, geoparks seek to balance preservation with accessible learning and economic opportunities for residents and visitors alike.