GeigerMüllermittarit

GeigerMüllermittarit refers to Geiger-Müller counters, which are electronic instruments used for detecting and measuring ionizing radiation. These devices are named after their inventors, Hans Geiger and Walther Müller, who developed the Geiger-Müller tube in 1928. The core component of a Geiger-Müller counter is the Geiger-Müller tube, a sealed gas-filled tube containing a central electrode. When ionizing radiation, such as alpha particles, beta particles, or gamma rays, enters the tube, it ionizes the gas within. This ionization creates a cascade of electrons that are attracted to the central electrode, resulting in a brief electrical pulse.

Each pulse generated by the tube is detected by the associated electronics and typically registered as an audible click or a visual count on a display. The frequency of these pulses is proportional to the intensity of the radiation. Geiger-Müller counters are widely used in various fields, including nuclear physics research, radiation protection, environmental monitoring, and in applications like security screening and geological surveying. They are valued for their sensitivity and relatively low cost, making them accessible for a broad range of applications. However, standard Geiger-Müller counters are generally not capable of distinguishing between different types of radiation or measuring their energy precisely.