Gegenreaktion

Gegenreaktion is a German noun meaning counter-reaction or backlash, referring to a reaction that opposes or counteracts a preceding action. Etymology: from Gegen "against" and Reaktion "reaction". The term is used across fields in German-language discourse, including politics, sociology, psychology, and medicine, with nuances varying by context.

In politics and society, Gegenreaktion denotes a response by individuals or groups opposing reforms, policies, or cultural changes, often aiming to restore previous conditions or resist new developments. It can appear as protests, voter behavior, or policy reversals driven by perceived threat to established interests.

In psychology and behavioral sciences, it can describe a defensive or compensatory reaction of an individual when confronted with stimuli or restrictions.

In biology or medicine, Gegenreaktion may refer to a body's counteraction to a drug, antigen, or treatment, which may manifest as immune responses or adverse effects. In chemistry or physics, the term can denote a secondary reaction that opposes a primary reaction, though more technical terms are common in those fields.

The usage ranges from descriptive to evaluative, and the exact connotation depends on wording and context. Related terms include Gegenmaßnahme (countermeasure) and Rückreaktion (backward reaction).