Gefäßerweiterung

Gefäßerweiterung, also known as vasodilation, refers to the widening of blood vessels. This physiological process is crucial for regulating blood flow and blood pressure. When blood vessels dilate, their internal diameter increases, allowing more blood to pass through. This leads to a decrease in blood pressure and an increase in blood supply to specific tissues or organs.

Several factors can trigger Gefäßerweiterung. These include hormonal signals, such as the release of nitric oxide, which is a potent vasodilator. Mechanical factors, like increased blood flow itself, can also stimulate vessels to widen. Additionally, certain medications, like those used to treat hypertension or angina, are designed to induce vasodilation. Environmental factors, such as heat, can also contribute to Gefäßerweiterung, as the body attempts to dissipate heat by increasing blood flow to the skin.

The effects of Gefäßerweiterung are varied. In exercise, muscles require increased oxygen and nutrients, so blood vessels supplying them dilate. During inflammation, vasodilation helps bring immune cells and healing factors to the affected area. Conversely, constriction of blood vessels, known as vasoconstriction, has the opposite effect, narrowing the vessels and increasing resistance to blood flow. Maintaining a healthy balance between vasodilation and vasoconstriction is essential for cardiovascular health.