Gausstörvény

Gausstörvény is the German term for Gauss's Law, a fundamental principle in electromagnetism. It relates the electric flux through any closed surface to the electric charge enclosed within that surface. Mathematically, it is expressed as the integral of the electric field E over a closed surface S, which equals the total enclosed charge Q divided by the permittivity of free space epsilon naught. The law can be written as: integral E ⋅ dA = Q / epsilon naught.

This law is one of Maxwell's equations, forming the basis for understanding how electric charges create electric fields. It is particularly useful for calculating electric fields in situations with high symmetry, such as around point charges, uniformly charged spheres, or infinite lines of charge. By choosing an appropriate Gaussian surface, which is a hypothetical closed surface used in the application of Gauss's Law, the calculation of the electric field can be greatly simplified.

In essence, Gausstörvény provides a powerful tool for determining electric fields, especially in symmetrical charge distributions. It highlights the direct relationship between the source of an electric field (electric charge) and the field itself. The concept is crucial in various areas of physics and electrical engineering, contributing to our understanding of electrostatics.