GaussKrügerkoordinaten

GaussKrügerkoordinaten, also known as Transverse Mercator coordinates, are a map projection system commonly used for surveying and mapping in many countries. This system projects the three-dimensional surface of the Earth onto a two-dimensional plane. It is a conformal projection, meaning that angles are preserved locally, which is crucial for accurate measurements.

The projection is based on a cylinder wrapped around the Earth's axis, tangent to a specific meridian. This meridian is called the central meridian of the projection zone. The Earth is divided into zones, typically 3 degrees or 6 degrees wide, each with its own central meridian. Within each zone, the Gauss-Krüger coordinates consist of an easting (x) and a northing (y) value.

The easting value represents the distance from the central meridian, while the northing value represents the distance from the equator. To avoid negative easting values, a false easting is often added. The northing values can also be adjusted using a false northing, particularly in the southern hemisphere.

The Gauss-Krüger system is particularly well-suited for areas that are elongated in a north-south direction. Its accuracy diminishes as the distance from the central meridian increases. It is a widely adopted standard for national mapping agencies due to its ability to maintain geometric integrity for surveying purposes. The underlying mathematical principles are derived from the Transverse Mercator projection, with specific adjustments for practical implementation in surveying.