Gázfázisban

Gázfázisban refers to a state of matter where a substance exists as a gas. In this phase, particles are widely separated and move randomly at high speeds. The substance has no fixed shape or volume, taking on the shape and volume of its container. Intermolecular forces are minimal in the gaseous state. Transitions to the gaseous state typically occur through heating a liquid or solid, a process known as vaporization or sublimation, respectively. Conversely, a gas can transition back to a liquid through condensation or to a solid through deposition. The behavior of gases is often described by the ideal gas law, which relates pressure, volume, temperature, and the number of moles of gas. Real gases deviate from ideal behavior, especially at high pressures and low temperatures, due to intermolecular forces and the finite volume of the gas particles themselves. Many chemical reactions occur in the gas phase, as the increased kinetic energy and mobility of particles can facilitate reactions. Examples include combustion and many industrial catalytic processes. The properties of a gas, such as its density, viscosity, and thermal conductivity, are important considerations in various scientific and engineering applications.