Funkenflug

Funkenflug is a German term describing the flight or ejection of sparks. It occurs whenever material is heated to incandescence or ignited and small particles are expelled into the surrounding air. The phenomenon is common in metalworking, including grinding, cutting, and welding, as well as in the use of fireworks and some electrical discharges.

Causes and mechanism: In grinding or cutting, abrasive wear removes tiny metal droplets that melt due to friction and are ejected as bright specks. In welding, the weld pool and arc heat cause droplets to form and fly off. In fireworks, combustion yields burning particles.

Appearance and dynamics: Sparks vary in size and color depending on metal; trajectory influenced by ejection velocity, gravity, air resistance; they can travel several meters depending on process and ventilation.

Safety and practicality: Sparks can ignite flammable materials; protective gear includes safety goggles, face shields, flame-resistant clothing; use spark guards, keep work area clear of combustibles, store flammable liquids safely, and have extinguishing equipment nearby.

Etymology and context: The term Funkenflug describes a natural physical phenomenon and is used in German-language technical language as well as in literature and media as a vivid image of brightness and danger. See also related topics such as sparks (physics), welding, grinding, and fire safety.