Fullgörelse

Fullgörelse is the legal process by which a court decision or other binding order is turned into actual performance or payment. In Swedish civil procedure, fullgörelse refers to enforcing a judgment, verdict, or administrative decision so that the obligation is satisfied by the debtor. The term covers both monetary obligations and non-monetary duties, such as delivering goods or transferring property, and is distinct from simply obtaining a decision without ensuring compliance.

The enforcement process normally begins after a decision has become final and enforceable. The creditor applies for fullgörelse to the Swedish Enforcement Authority (Kronofogden). The enforcement framework is primarily set out in the Utsökningsbalken (Enforcement Code) and related provisions in the Rättegångsbalken (Code of Judicial Procedure). Kronofogden assesses the case, may negotiate payment terms, and, if needed, initiates coercive measures to satisfy the claim.

Common enforcement measures include wage garnishment (uttag av lön), seizure of assets (beslag), and enforcement against bank accounts. In the case of non-monetary obligations, the authority may compel performance or arrange substitute arrangements, subject to legal safeguards. If the debtor cooperates, a payment plan or other negotiated arrangement may be used to achieve fullgörelse without more intrusive measures.

Limitations and protections exist within the fullgörelse process. Exemptions cover essential living expenses and other protected assets, and debtors have rights to challenge enforcement or seek suspension under certain circumstances. The system seeks a balance between creditors’ ability to recover debts and debtors’ rights to fair treatment and livelihood.