FriedelCraftsalkylointi
Friedel–Crafts reactions are a class of electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions that introduce an alkyl or acyl group onto an aromatic ring using Lewis acid catalysts such as aluminum chloride. Named after Charles Friedel and James Crafts, the reactions proceed via the formation of a potent electrophile (carbocation or acylium ion) from an alkyl halide or acyl halide, which then reacts with the aromatic substrate, followed by deprotonation to restore aromaticity.
Friedel–Crafts alkylation involves reaction of an alkyl halide with an arene in the presence of a Lewis
Friedel–Crafts acylation uses an acyl halide (or anhydride) with a Lewis acid to form an acylium ion
Applications and limitations: Friedel–Crafts reactions are foundational in organic synthesis, enabling construction of substituted arenes for