Frekvenciaeltolódás

Frekvenciaeltolódás, also known as Doppler shift or Doppler effect, is a phenomenon in physics where the frequency of a wave appears to change due to the relative motion between the source of the wave and the observer. This effect is named after the Austrian physicist Christian Doppler, who described it in 1842.

The Doppler effect is most commonly observed with sound waves, such as when a vehicle with a siren approaches and then passes an observer. As the vehicle approaches, the sound waves are compressed, causing the frequency to increase and the pitch to rise. As the vehicle moves away, the sound waves are stretched out, causing the frequency to decrease and the pitch to drop.

The Doppler effect is not limited to sound waves; it also applies to electromagnetic waves, including light. This is why stars and galaxies appear to shift towards the red end of the spectrum (redshift) when they are moving away from us, and towards the blue end (blueshift) when they are moving towards us. This phenomenon is crucial in astronomy for determining the velocity and distance of celestial objects.

The Doppler effect can be described mathematically using the formula:

f' = f * (c ± v) / (c ± vs)

where f' is the observed frequency, f is the emitted frequency, c is the speed of the wave in the medium, v is the speed of the observer, and vs is the speed of the source. The plus sign is used when the source and observer are moving towards each other, and the minus sign is used when they are moving away from each other.

In summary, frekvenciaeltolódás is a fundamental concept in physics that describes how the frequency of a wave appears to change due to relative motion. It has wide-ranging applications, from everyday sound phenomena to the study of distant celestial objects.