Frecciarossa

Frecciarossa, meaning “Red Arrow,” is the flagship high-speed rail service of Trenitalia, the Italian state railway company. It was introduced in 2009 as part of the rebranding of Eurostar Italia services on Italy’s Alta Velocità (high-speed) network. The service operates on the main high-speed lines, linking major northern and central cities such as Turin, Milan, Bologna, Florence, Rome, and Naples, with extensions along the Turin–Naples corridor.

The Frecciarossa fleet includes several generations of high-speed trains. The older ETR 500 trains, marketed as Frecciarossa 500, have served since the 2000s and undergone refurbishments to remain in operation on many routes. The newer ETR 1000, marketed as Frecciarossa 1000, entered service in the mid-2010s and is designed for higher performance on the Italian network, with a maximum tested speed of 360 km/h and typical commercial speeds around 300 km/h on the fastest sections.

Frecciarossa operates on the Alta Velocità network managed by Rete Ferroviaria Italiana and is part of Trenitalia’s broader high-speed offering, which also includes other branded services such as Frecciargento and Frecciabianca. The service emphasizes speed, reliability, and passenger comfort, offering modern onboard amenities and multiple seating options on its trains.