Fotouczulajcych

Fotouczulajcych is a Polish term that translates to "photosensitizing" in English. It refers to substances or agents that can increase the sensitivity of the skin or other tissues to light, particularly ultraviolet (UV) radiation. When a photosensitizing agent is present, exposure to light can lead to an exaggerated or abnormal reaction.

Photosensitizing reactions can manifest in several ways. The most common is a phototoxic reaction, which resembles a severe sunburn. This occurs when the photosensitizer absorbs light energy and then transfers it to surrounding molecules, causing cellular damage. Another type is a photoallergic reaction, which is an immune system response to the photosensitizer and its altered form after light exposure. This can result in an eczematous rash.

Many substances can be photosensitizing. In medicine, certain drugs, such as some antibiotics (like tetracyclines), diuretics, and anti-inflammatory medications, are known to cause photosensitivity as a side effect. Topical agents like certain fragrances, sunscreens (though paradoxically), and ingredients in cosmetics can also be photosensitizing. Even some plants contain natural compounds that can cause phytophotodermatitis, a skin reaction upon exposure to sunlight after contact with the plant.

Preventing photosensitivity reactions involves avoiding known photosensitizing agents and minimizing exposure to sunlight, especially during peak hours. When using medications or products that are known to cause photosensitivity, it is advisable to wear protective clothing and use broad-spectrum sunscreens.