Fotokonduktive

Fotokonduktive, also known as photo-conductive materials or photoconductors, are substances that exhibit a change in electrical conductivity when exposed to light. These materials are characterized by an increase in electrical conductivity in response to incident electromagnetic radiation, typically in the visible or near-infrared spectrum. The phenomenon underlying fotokonduktive behavior is the generation of charge carriers—electrons and holes—upon photon absorption, which enhances the material's ability to conduct electric current.

Photoconductive materials are widely used in various applications including photodetectors, optical switches, and photoresistors. Common examples include selenium, cadmium sulfide (CdS), and zinc sulfide (ZnS). Their sensitivity to light makes them essential in imaging devices, light meters, and laser systems.

The operational principle involves illuminating the material to produce electron-hole pairs, thereby reducing its electrical resistance. When combined with electrodes, the change in conductivity can be measured as a variation in current under a fixed voltage. The speed of response and sensitivity of fotokonduktive materials depend on factors such as the material's purity, structure, and the wavelength of incident light.

Research continues to develop more efficient and faster photoconductive materials to improve their performance in electronic and optoelectronic devices. Overall, fotokonduktive materials are vital components in the field of photonics and optoelectronics, enabling precise light detection and control in modern technology.