Follikeludviklingen

Follikeludviklingen, also known as follicular development, is the process by which ovarian follicles mature within the ovary. This process is a crucial part of the female reproductive cycle, leading to ovulation. It begins with primordial follicles, which are small and dormant. Under the influence of hormones, particularly follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), these primordial follicles begin to grow and develop.

The developing follicle progresses through several stages: primary, secondary, and tertiary (or Graafian) follicles. During these stages, the oocyte within the follicle enlarges, and the surrounding granulosa cells proliferate. A fluid-filled cavity, the antrum, also forms and expands. The granulosa cells produce hormones, including estrogen, which plays a significant role in regulating the menstrual cycle and preparing the uterus for potential pregnancy.

As the follicle matures, it becomes increasingly sensitive to luteinizing hormone (LH). A surge in LH levels triggers the final maturation of the dominant follicle and initiates ovulation, the release of the mature egg from the ovary. The remaining follicular cells in the ovary then transform into the corpus luteum, which produces progesterone. If fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum degenerates, leading to a drop in hormone levels and menstruation. Follikeludviklingen is a tightly regulated process influenced by a complex interplay of hormonal signals from the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and the ovary itself.