Fluoromeetria

Fluoromeetria, also known as fluorometry, is a technique used in analytical chemistry to measure the fluorescence of a substance. It involves exciting a sample with light at a specific wavelength and detecting the emitted light at a different wavelength. This method is widely employed for qualitative and quantitative analysis of various compounds, including biological molecules, environmental samples, and pharmaceuticals.

The fundamental principle of fluorometry relies on the property of certain molecules to absorb light and then re-emit it at a longer wavelength. The intensity of the emitted fluorescence correlates with the concentration of the fluorescent substance in the sample, enabling precise quantification. Fluorometric measurements typically use specialized instruments called fluorometers or spectrofluorometers, which can control excitation and emission wavelength selection, measure fluorescence intensity, and analyze data.

Fluorometry offers several advantages, including high sensitivity, specificity, and rapid analysis. It is particularly useful for detecting low concentrations of analytes in complex mixtures, owing to its ability to distinguish fluorescence signals from background noise. However, its accuracy can be affected by factors such as quenching, photobleaching, and interference from other fluorescent substances.

Applications of fluorometry span a variety of fields, including biomedical research, environmental monitoring, food safety, and clinical diagnostics. It is commonly used to study nucleic acids, proteins, hormones, and pollutants. Advances in fluorometric techniques, such as the development of fluorescent probes and dyes, continue to expand its utility in scientific and industrial applications.

Overall, fluorometry is a versatile and sensitive analytical method that plays a vital role in modern science and technology.