Flavan

Flavan is a subclass of flavonoids, which are a diverse group of plant pigments. The basic structure of a flavan consists of a 15-carbon skeleton arranged in a C6-C3-C6 pattern. This structure comprises two benzene rings (A and B rings) connected by a three-carbon chain that forms a heterocyclic ring (C ring). The C ring is saturated in flavans, distinguishing them from other flavonoid subclasses like flavones or flavonols which have unsaturation or a carbonyl group in this ring.

Naturally occurring flavans are found in various plants, often as part of more complex molecules like proanthocyanidins, which are polymers of flavan units. They can also exist as simple monomers. These compounds are widely distributed in fruits, vegetables, tea, and wine.

Research into flavans and their derivatives suggests a range of potential biological activities. These include antioxidant properties, due to their ability to scavenge free radicals. Some studies have also explored their roles in cardiovascular health and anti-inflammatory processes. However, much of the research focuses on the broader flavonoid class, and specific biological effects attributed solely to simple flavan monomers are still being investigated. The precise mechanisms and extent of their physiological impact in humans are areas of ongoing scientific inquiry.