Fjölliðast

Fjölliðast is an Icelandic word that translates to "polymer" in English. Polymers are large molecules, or macromolecules, composed of many repeating subunits. These subunits, known as monomers, are linked together by covalent bonds in a process called polymerization. The specific type of monomer and the way they are arranged significantly influence the properties of the resulting polymer.

Polymers are ubiquitous in nature and play vital roles in biological systems. Examples include proteins, which are polymers of amino acids, and nucleic acids like DNA and RNA, which are polymers of nucleotides. Carbohydrates, such as starch and cellulose, are also polymers of monosaccharides.

Synthetic polymers, developed by humans, have revolutionized modern life. Plastics are a prime example, with materials like polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and polystyrene finding applications in packaging, construction, textiles, and electronics. Synthetic polymers can be designed to possess a wide range of characteristics, including flexibility, strength, elasticity, and resistance to heat and chemicals. The study and manipulation of polymers are central to the field of polymer science and engineering.