Ferromagnético

Ferromagnético is a Spanish term that translates to ferromagnetic in English. Ferromagnetism is a property of certain materials that exhibit strong attraction to magnets, or can be magnetized themselves. This phenomenon arises from the alignment of magnetic moments of atoms within the material.

In ferromagnetic materials, the electron spins of adjacent atoms align in the same direction, creating large magnetic domains. These domains are regions within the material where the magnetic moments are aligned. Even without an external magnetic field, these domains can be spontaneously magnetized. When an external magnetic field is applied, the domains tend to align with the field, resulting in a significant increase in magnetization.

Common examples of ferromagnetic materials include iron, nickel, cobalt, and their alloys. These materials are crucial in many technological applications, such as the creation of permanent magnets, electric motors, generators, transformers, and data storage devices like hard drives. The strength of ferromagnetism depends on the specific material and its temperature. Above a certain temperature, known as the Curie temperature, ferromagnetic materials lose their spontaneous magnetization and become paramagnetic.