Feraydun

Feraydun is a legendary hero in Persian mythology, most notably appearing in the Shahnameh, the epic poem by Ferdowsi. He is a central figure in the Pahlavi (Middle Persian) tradition and is also known by various other names in different cultural contexts. Feraydun is celebrated as a just and wise king who overthrew the tyrannical Zahhak.

The story of Feraydun begins with his birth, prophesied to be the one who would end Zahhak's reign of terror. Zahhak, a wicked king with serpents growing from his shoulders, was overthrown by Feraydun with the help of the blacksmith Kaveh, who symbolized the rebellion of the common people. Feraydun then divided the world into three parts, which he granted to his three sons: Salm, Tur, and Iraj. This division, however, led to further conflict as his sons became jealous and eventually killed Iraj, setting the stage for future epic sagas.

Feraydun is often depicted as a benevolent ruler who established a period of peace and prosperity. He is seen as a symbol of victory over evil and the rightful order. His lineage is significant, as he is considered an ancestor to many of the heroes and kings who feature in the Shahnameh, making him a foundational character in Persian epic tradition. His story emphasizes themes of justice, kingship, and the cyclical nature of conflict and renewal.