Fasciotomia

Fasciotomia is a surgical procedure performed to relieve swelling and pressure in a muscle compartment. It involves making an incision in the fascia, the fibrous tissue surrounding a muscle group, to release tension and allow for normal movement and circulation of blood.

Fasciotomia is typically done to treat compartment syndrome, a condition that occurs when pressure within a muscle compartment increases to the point where it restricts blood flow. This can happen due to injury, exercise or prolonged periods of ischemia. If left untreated, compartment syndrome can lead to permanent damage or even death of the affected muscles.

Surgical fasciotomia is usually done in cases of severe incarceration or an open fracture, where there is potential for severe injury or death of the muscle tissue. The procedure involves making an incision in the fascia, usually through a longitudinal incision in the skin, to relieve pressure on the muscles. The incision is usually closed with sutures or skin staples after the procedure.

In less severe cases, fasciotomia may be performed as a minimally invasive procedure using an fasciotomy kit. This involves making a small incision through which a fasciotomy catheter is inserted to cut the fascia and release pressure.

Fasciotomia is associated with an increased risk of complications, including infection, bleeding, and nerve damage. However, with proper surgical technique and post-operative care, the procedure can be effective in relieving pressure and preventing further damage to the muscles.

Proper indication and timing of surgery are crucial in preventing or minimizing complications and ensuring a favorable outcome for the patient.