Extremitäten

Extremitäten, or limbs, are the movable appendages of the human body that are attached to the trunk and consist of the shoulder or pelvic girdle, the upper or lower limb, and the hand or foot. They allow for locomotion, manipulation of the environment, and various other movements. The human body typically has four extremitäten: two upper limbs (arms) and two lower limbs (legs).

Each extremität is composed of several segments: the shoulder or hip, the upper or lower arm or leg, the forearm or calf, and the hand or foot. The shoulder and hip joints provide ball-and-socket movement, allowing for a wide range of motion. The elbow and knee joints are hinge joints, providing flexion and extension. The wrist and ankle joints are multi-articular joints, offering a combination of movements.

Extremitäten play a crucial role in daily activities such as walking, running, grasping objects, and maintaining balance. They are supported by the musculoskeletal system, which includes bones, muscles, tendons, ligaments, and joints. The nervous system controls the movements of the extremitäten through voluntary and involuntary actions.

Any injury or disorder affecting the extremitäten can significantly impact an individual's quality of life. Common conditions include fractures, sprains, strains, and arthritis. Proper care, including rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE method), is essential for treating minor injuries. For more severe injuries, medical intervention may be required.

Preventive measures such as regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight, and wearing appropriate footwear can help reduce the risk of extremitäten-related injuries. Additionally, early detection and treatment of any underlying conditions can prevent complications.