Exploitáció

Exploitáció is a term used in various contexts, often referring to the act of using something or someone for one's own advantage, typically in a way that is considered unfair or unethical. In economics, it most commonly describes the exploitation of labor, where workers are paid less than the value of the labor they produce. This can manifest as low wages, poor working conditions, or long hours that do not correspond to fair compensation. The concept is central to Marxist theory, which posits that capitalist systems inherently involve the exploitation of the proletariat by the bourgeoisie.

Beyond labor, exploitáció can also refer to the exploitation of natural resources. This occurs when resources are extracted or consumed at a rate that is unsustainable or damaging to the environment, often for immediate profit without regard for long-term consequences. In a broader social sense, exploitáció can describe situations where individuals or groups are taken advantage of due to their vulnerability, such as children, the elderly, or marginalized communities. This can involve financial, emotional, or physical manipulation for personal gain. The perception of whether an action constitutes exploitáció often depends on ethical and societal norms, as well as the specific power dynamics involved.