Excluíste

Excluís­te is a verb form in Portuguese, the second-person singular pretérito perfeito do indicativo of the verb excluir. It expresses the action of having excluded or left out someone or something in the past, typically used with the pronoun tu in varieties that maintain the intimate second person form.

Etymology and usage context: excluir comes from Latin excludere, from ex- meaning out and claudere meaning to close. The form excluíste reflects regular -ir verb conjugation in the pretérito perfeito for the second person singular, with stress on the syllable containing the root vowel and a diacritic on í.

Conjugation: eu excluí, tu excluíste, ele/ela excluiu, nós excluímos, vós excluístes, eles/elas excluíram. In many Brazilian varieties, the corresponding commonplace past with tu is replaced in everyday speech by você excluiu; nevertheless, tu excluíste remains correct in European Portuguese and in regional Brazilian use, while the common Brazilian standard uses ele/ela/ você forms.

Usage notes: excluíste is primarily encountered in formal writing or in regions that preserve the tú/vós usage. In contexts where the pronoun você is used, the corresponding pretérito perfeito form is excluiu. The verb can refer to excluding people, items, options, or categories, among other senses.

See also: excluir; pretérito perfeito do indicativo; Portuguese conjugation.