Eum

Eum is the masculine accusative singular form of the Latin pronoun is, ea, id, used as the direct object. In Latin, this set functions as both a demonstrative and a personal pronoun, referring to a previously mentioned masculine noun. In English translation, eum is normally rendered as “him,” or “it” when referring to a masculine inanimate antecedent.

Use and function: Eum appears in classical and medieval Latin as a stand-in for a masculine noun already introduced in discourse. It is commonly found after verbs of perception, action, or relation, such as video eum (I see him), laudo eum (I praise him), or te cum eo, in contexts where the antecedent is clear. It agrees in gender and number with the noun it replaces and declines like a third-person pronoun.

Declension: The forms of is, ea, id for the accusative singular include eum (masc), eam (fem), id (neut). The dative singular is ei for all genders, and the ablative singular is eo for masculine and neuter, eā (with macron) for feminine. The nominative forms are is (masc), ea (fem), id (neut). In plural, the nominative are ei (masc), eae (fem), ea (neut); the accusative are eos (masc), eas (fem), ea (neut); the dative and ablative plural share eis; the genitive plural is eorum (masc/neut) or earum (fem). The genitive singular is eius.

See also: Latin pronouns, is ea id, Latin grammar. Eum is a common example of how Latin uses a compact set of pronouns to avoid repeating nouns.