Esikoulua

Esikoulua is the Finnish term for pre-primary education, a preparatory program typically taken by children around six years old before they enter the first grade of basic education. The aim is to support development in language and communication, social skills, early mathematical understanding, and overall readiness for school life. Esikoulua emphasizes play-based learning and child-centered activities to foster curiosity, independence, and problem-solving.

Esikoulua is usually organized by municipalities and is commonly delivered in kindergartens or as a dedicated esikouluryhmä within a school. The duration is typically one school year, corresponding to the Finnish school calendar, and attendance is generally free of charge as part of publicly funded education. Some municipalities also offer esikoulua through private providers under public funding.

The curriculum for esikoulua follows the national core guidelines for early childhood education and for the transition to basic education. Activities cover language development, storytelling and literacy readiness, numeracy foundations, physical activity, arts and crafts, foreign language exposure where available, and social interaction. The emphasis is on play, exploration, collaboration, and individual development, with teachers monitoring progress and providing individualized support as needed.

Transition to primary school is planned and supported by teachers and families. Esikoulua prepares children for the competencies expected in first grade, and schools usually provide orientation to the new environment and routines. Eligibility and start dates vary slightly between municipalities, but esikoulua generally serves all six-year-olds preparing to begin compulsory education.