Esetjelöl

Esetjelöl, in linguistic terminology often translated as case marker, is a morpheme or word form that marks the grammatical case of a noun, pronoun, or related words. The case indicates the noun’s syntactic role in a sentence, such as subject, direct object, indirect object, or possessor, and can also express spatial or other semantic relations.

Esetjelöl can be realized in different ways depending on the language. In many inflected languages, case is shown through bound morphemes attached to the word, typically as suffixes or suffixal changes. Other languages use separate words or clitics, such as prepositions or postpositions, to signal case relations (often called analytic case marking). Some languages combine both strategies, using affixes for certain cases and prepositions for others.

Commonly recognized cases include nominative (subject), accusative (direct object), genitive (possession), dative (indirect object), and various locative or directional cases that express position or movement. The precise set of cases and the forms of their markers vary widely across languages. Case marking helps resolve grammatical relationships, especially in languages with flexible word order, by providing explicit information about which noun corresponds to which role in the sentence.

In Hungarian linguistic description and in broader typological studies, esetejelölő elements are discussed as part of morphology and syntax. They interact with other grammatical categories such as number and definiteness and influence agreement patterns, noun phrases, and sentence parsing.