Escolasticismo

Escolasticismo is a philosophical and theological method that dominated medieval European thought. It is characterized by a rigorous analytical approach, employing dialectical reasoning to resolve contradictions and synthesize diverse sources of knowledge. The primary goal of scholasticism was to reconcile faith and reason, particularly within the context of Christian theology. Scholastics sought to understand divine revelation through the lens of classical philosophy, with Aristotle's logic and metaphysics playing a particularly influential role. Key figures in scholasticism include Anselm of Canterbury, Peter Abelard, and most notably, Thomas Aquinas, whose Summa Theologica remains a seminal work. The method involved extensive use of authoritative texts, such as the Bible, the writings of Church Fathers, and classical philosophical works. Scholastics would present arguments, counterarguments, and then offer resolutions, often in a structured format of questions, objections, and replies. While often associated with dogma, scholasticism fostered intellectual rigor and laid the groundwork for later philosophical developments. Its influence extended beyond theology into fields like law, medicine, and ethics, shaping the curriculum of medieval universities.