Erpetoichthys

Erpetoichthys is a genus of primitive ray-finned fish belonging to the order Polypteriformes. The only extant species in this genus is Erpetoichthys calabaricus, commonly known as the reedfish or African bichir. This species is native to West Africa, inhabiting brackish and freshwater environments such as rivers, swamps, and mangrove areas. Reedfish are characterized by their elongated, snake-like bodies, small pectoral fins, and a series of dorsal finlets that run along their backs. Their skin is covered in ganoid scales, which are thick and bony, providing protection.

A notable feature of Erpetoichthys calabaricus is its ability to breathe air. It possesses a pair of lung-like swim bladders that allow it to supplement gill respiration by gulping air from the surface. This adaptation is crucial for survival in oxygen-poor waters. Reedfish are nocturnal predators, feeding on small fish, crustaceans, and invertebrates. They are typically solitary and can be kept in aquariums, though their specialized needs require careful consideration of water quality and tank setup. The genus name Erpetoichthys derives from Greek words meaning "crawling fish," reflecting its sinuous movement.