Eritropoeziyi

Eritropoeziyi, also known as erythropoiesis, is the process by which red blood cells (erythrocytes) are produced. This vital process primarily occurs in the bone marrow of adults, although it can also take place in the liver and spleen during fetal development. The production of red blood cells is a complex and tightly regulated mechanism.

The journey begins with hematopoietic stem cells, which are multipotent cells capable of differentiating into various blood cell types. Under the influence of specific growth factors, particularly erythropoietin (EPO), these stem cells commit to the red blood cell lineage. EPO is a hormone produced mainly by the kidneys in response to low oxygen levels in the blood. When oxygen levels drop, the kidneys release more EPO, stimulating the bone marrow to accelerate red blood cell production.

The developing red blood cells, called erythroblasts, undergo several stages of maturation. During this process, they accumulate hemoglobin, the protein responsible for oxygen transport, and gradually lose their nucleus and other organelles. Eventually, the mature red blood cells are released into the bloodstream, where they circulate for approximately 120 days before being removed and recycled by the spleen and liver. This continuous cycle ensures an adequate supply of oxygen to the body's tissues.