Epikurosta

Epikurosta refers to a philosophical school founded by Epicurus in ancient Greece. The school was established around 307 BCE in Athens, with Epicurus as its primary leader. The system of philosophy emphasized the pursuit of moderation and tranquility (ataraxia) as the primary human goal.

At the center of Epicureanism is the idea that individuals should strive to live a simple and free life from external influences, free from the constraints of excessive desires. According to Epicurus, the root of human suffering is the fear of the unknown, particularly concern for the gods and the afterlife. Therefore, the objective of the school was not to create a worrisome and anxious public, but to alleviate concerns over bodily pain and death.

Stoicism, on the other hand, is seen as a counterpoint to Epicureanism, as it rejects the idea that human life is naturally plagued by fear. The main objective of the school was not solely material well-being, but also the pursuit of self-control and inner strength. Other key concepts in Epicureanism include the distinction between the criteria of good and evil, which challenges traditional beliefs about the afterlife, and Epicurus' so-called 'nature of reality' idea that men naturally pursue sensual gratification in order to safeguard their bodily needs.

The school attracted numerous students and had a following among intellectuals and social elites, even after Epicurus' passing. Epicurean ideas regarding ethics and the intellect continued to evolve in ancient Rome. It maintained a relatively long-lasting streak, creating influence on significant figures such as Cicero and Pliny the Elder. However, opinions on the tenets of the school remain disputed among modern philosophers and scholars.