Ephedrin

Ephedrine is a stimulant drug that can be found naturally in the Ephedra plant genus. It is also manufactured synthetically. Ephedrine is structurally similar to amphetamines and acts as a sympathomimetic agent, meaning it mimics the effects of adrenaline and noradrenaline in the body. It works by stimulating the central nervous system and constricting blood vessels.

Historically, ephedrine has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for centuries to treat respiratory ailments like asthma and bronchitis. In modern medicine, it has been used as a bronchodilator to help open airways and as a nasal decongestant. It has also been employed to raise blood pressure in certain medical situations, such as during surgery or when treating hypotension.

However, ephedrine's stimulant properties have led to its misuse as a recreational drug and as a weight-loss supplement. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has banned the sale of dietary supplements containing ephedrine due to safety concerns. These concerns include an increased risk of heart problems, such as heart attack and stroke, as well as psychiatric issues like anxiety and insomnia. Due to these risks and regulatory actions, its medical use has become more restricted in many parts of the world.