Eosinofilok

Eosinofilok are leukocytes in the immune system known for staining with eosin, a red dye. They are granulocytes, comprising about 1 to 6 percent of circulating white blood cells in healthy adults. The name derives from their granules that stain bright pink with eosin and their role in immune responses.

Origin and anatomy: They develop in the bone marrow from hematopoietic stem cells, mature there, and enter the bloodstream. They have a bilobed nucleus and cytoplasmic granules that contain proteins such as major basic protein, eosinophil cationic protein, eosinophil peroxidase, and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin. These granules enable eosinofilok to interact with parasites and other immune cells.

Functions: Eosinofilok participate in defense against parasitic infections and modulate inflammatory responses in allergic diseases. They release granule proteins and lipid mediators that can kill parasites and influence other immune cells, including mast cells, basophils, and T helper 2 cells. They also contribute to tissue remodeling and can amplify or limit inflammation depending on the context.

Clinical relevance: Eosinofilok levels rise in eosinophilia, which can occur with allergic conditions such as asthma and rhinosinusitis, parasitic infections, certain autoimmune diseases, and some blood disorders. Persistent eosinofilok elevation can cause tissue damage and organ dysfunction in severe cases, prompting investigation and targeted treatment.

Measurement and management: Eosinofilok counts are reported in complete blood counts. Normal ranges are small but variable by laboratory. Management of elevated eosinofilok may involve corticosteroids or biologic therapies that inhibit IL-5 signaling, depending on the underlying condition. The term eosinofilok is used in some languages and scientific contexts as an equivalent of eosinophil.