Entzündungsmediatoren

Entzündungsmediatoren are signaling molecules that play a crucial role in the inflammatory response. They are released by various cells, including immune cells like macrophages and neutrophils, as well as damaged tissue cells, in response to injury or infection. These mediators orchestrate the complex process of inflammation, which is the body's protective reaction to harmful stimuli.

The actions of Entzündungsmediatoren are diverse and contribute to several key features of inflammation. For instance, some mediators, such as histamine and prostaglandins, cause vasodilation, leading to increased blood flow to the affected area and contributing to redness and heat. Others, like cytokines such as interleukins and tumor necrosis factor, increase the permeability of blood vessels, allowing immune cells and plasma proteins to reach the site of injury. This increased permeability can result in swelling or edema.

Furthermore, certain Entzündungsmediatoren attract immune cells, a process known as chemotaxis. These recruited cells then help to eliminate the cause of inflammation, clear debris, and initiate tissue repair. Examples include chemokines. The inflammatory response, while essential for healing and defense, can also cause pain, often mediated by prostaglandins and bradykinin. The precise balance and interplay of these mediators are critical for an effective and controlled inflammatory response, and dysregulation can lead to chronic inflammatory conditions.