Elektronüograafia

Elektronüograafia is a medical imaging technique used to visualize the electrical activity of the nervous system. It involves the use of electrodes placed on the skin or within the body to detect and record electrical signals generated by nerve cells, or neurons. These signals are then amplified and processed to create a visual representation of neural function.

The primary application of elektronüograafia is in the diagnosis and monitoring of neurological disorders. It can help identify abnormalities in nerve conduction, muscle activity, and brain function. For example, it is used to diagnose conditions such as peripheral neuropathy, carpal tunnel syndrome, epilepsy, and sleep disorders. The technique can also be employed to assess the effectiveness of treatments for these conditions.

There are several types of elektronüograafia, each tailored to specific areas of the nervous system. Electroneurography (ENG) specifically measures the electrical activity of peripheral nerves. Electromyography (EMG) records the electrical activity produced by muscles. Electroencephalography (EEG) measures electrical activity in the brain, and electrocardiography (ECG) records the electrical activity of the heart, though the term "elektronüograafia" generally refers to neural and muscular electrical assessment.

The procedure is typically non-invasive, with electrodes placed on the surface of the skin. In some cases, fine needle electrodes may be inserted into muscles for more precise measurements. The signals are transmitted to a computer that displays them as waveforms. The interpretation of these waveforms by a trained medical professional is crucial for accurate diagnosis. Elektronüograafia is generally considered safe with minimal risks.