Elektrolyyttitila

Elektrolyyttitila refers to the balance of electrolytes in the body. Electrolytes are minerals that carry an electric charge when dissolved in body fluids, such as blood, urine, and sweat. Key electrolytes include sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chloride, phosphate, and bicarbonate. These substances play crucial roles in many bodily functions, including nerve impulse transmission, muscle contraction, hydration, and maintaining the body's pH balance.

The body tightly regulates electrolyte levels. This regulation is influenced by various factors, including fluid intake and output, kidney function, hormonal signals, and diet. Disruptions to electrolyte balance, known as electrolyte imbalances or dysnatremias, can occur due to dehydration, excessive sweating, vomiting, diarrhea, kidney disease, certain medications, or hormonal disorders.

Symptoms of electrolyte imbalances vary depending on the specific electrolyte affected and the severity of the imbalance. Common symptoms can include fatigue, muscle cramps, weakness, confusion, irregular heart rhythms, and nausea. Severe imbalances can be life-threatening and require prompt medical attention. Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, a review of medical history, and blood or urine tests to measure electrolyte levels. Treatment aims to correct the imbalance by addressing the underlying cause and restoring electrolyte levels through dietary adjustments, oral rehydration solutions, or intravenous fluid and electrolyte replacement. Maintaining proper hydration and a balanced diet are important for preventing electrolyte disturbances.