Elektrofiysiologisia

Elektrofiysiologisia is a term of Greek origin, literally meaning "relating to electric physiology." It refers to the study of the electrical properties and phenomena of biological systems. Primarily, this involves the investigation of how cells, particularly nerve cells (neurons) and muscle cells, generate and propagate electrical signals. These signals are fundamental to the functioning of the nervous system, enabling communication between cells and the transmission of information throughout the body.

The field of electrophysiology utilizes various techniques to measure and analyze these electrical activities. Common methods include electroencephalography (EEG), which records the electrical activity of the brain via electrodes placed on the scalp, and electromyography (EMG), which assesses the electrical activity produced by skeletal muscles. More invasive techniques involve intracellular or extracellular recording of individual neuron or muscle fiber potentials using microelectrodes.

Understanding electrophysiological processes is crucial in a wide range of scientific and medical disciplines. In neuroscience, it helps unravel the mechanisms of learning, memory, and sensory perception. In clinical medicine, electrophysiological studies are used for diagnosing neurological disorders, such as epilepsy and peripheral nerve damage, as well as cardiac arrhythmias. Research in this area continues to advance our comprehension of life's fundamental electrical processes.