Electrotècnica

Electrotécnica is the branch of engineering that deals with the study and application of electricity for generation, transmission, conversion, control, and use of electrical energy. In many regions the field is called electrical engineering; electrotécnica emphasizes power systems and electromechanical aspects of the discipline.

Core areas include power engineering (generation from various sources, transmission and distribution, grid operation and protection), electrical machines and drives (motors, generators, transformers, excitation and control), and automation and control systems (industrial control, PLCs, SCADA, process automation). Instrumentation and measurement, electrical installations and building services, and high voltage engineering are also central, along with safety, standards, and reliability.

Modern electrotécnica integrates renewable energy, energy storage, smart grids, power electronics, and electric traction. It addresses design, analysis, and operation of systems that convert electrical energy into usable power and vice versa, as well as the control of electrical processes in industry, infrastructure, and transportation. Simulation, modeling, and testing are used to ensure efficiency, reliability, and compliance with codes and standards such as IEEE, IEC, and local regulations.

Educational paths typically lead to bachelor’s degrees in electrotécnica or ingeniería eléctrica, with graduate programs in power systems, control, or renewable energy. Careers span utilities, manufacturing, engineering consultancies, research institutes, and technology firms.