Elcykler

Elcykler are bicycles equipped with an electric motor and rechargeable battery that provide power assistance to the rider as they pedal. In most systems the motor only engages when the rider is pedaling, though some models include a throttle that can drive the bike without pedaling. The assistance level and top speed are regulated in many countries to distinguish elcykler from mopeds or motorcycles.

Common configurations include a hub motor in the front or rear wheel or a mid-drive motor near the crank. Batteries are typically lithium-ion packs mounted in the frame or on a rack, with a controller and sensors (cadence or torque) that determine when and how strongly the motor assists. Typical ranges depend on battery capacity, terrain, and assist level, but many bikes travel 40–100 kilometers per charge.

Classification and regulation: Pedal-assist bicycles (pedelecs) provide assistance only when pedaling; some models also include throttles. In the European Union, e-bikes meeting the criteria of 250 W maximum power and assistance up to 25 km/h are classified as bicycles and are not treated as motor vehicles. In the United States, e-bikes are categorized into Class I (pedal-assist up to 20 mph), Class II (throttle up to 20 mph), and Class III (pedal-assist up to 28 mph).

Market and impact: Elcykler have grown as a form of urban mobility, offering a low-emission alternative to cars and expanding access to cycling for people with limited fitness or terrain challenges. Ongoing developments focus on lighter frames, more efficient motors, and battery technology.

Safety and maintenance: Regular maintenance of the drivetrain and battery is important. Drivers should be aware of the bike’s increased weight and speed, and appropriate helmet and safety practices are advised where required.