Ektoparazitus

Ektoparazitus is a term derived from Greek, meaning "outside parasite." It refers to an organism that lives on the external surface of its host, such as the skin, fur, or feathers. These parasites feed on the host's blood, tissues, or skin debris. Common examples of ektoparasites include fleas, ticks, lice, mites, and certain types of fungi.

Infestations by ektoparasites can cause a range of problems for the host, from mild irritation and discomfort to severe allergic reactions, anemia, and the transmission of diseases. The specific symptoms and severity depend on the type of parasite, the extent of the infestation, and the host's immune response. For instance, tick bites can transmit serious illnesses like Lyme disease and Rocky Mountain spotted fever, while flea bites can cause intense itching and lead to secondary skin infections.

Diagnosis of ektoparasitic infections typically involves a visual examination of the host and the affected areas. In some cases, microscopic examination of skin scrapings or plucked hairs may be necessary to identify the specific parasite. Treatment strategies vary widely depending on the parasite and the host species. They often involve topical or systemic medications designed to kill or repel the ektoparasites. Prevention measures, such as regular grooming, environmental control, and the use of preventative medications, are crucial in managing and avoiding ektoparasitic infestations. Public health efforts often focus on controlling vectors like ticks and fleas to mitigate disease transmission.