Eksplosivanalyse

Eksplosivanalyse is the scientific discipline focused on the identification, characterization, and origin determination of explosive materials and their residues. It encompasses forensic analysis of post-blast residues, as well as research and safety applications in industry and law enforcement. The goal is to determine what explosive was used, its purity, formulation, sensitivity, and, when possible, the likely source or manufacturing route.

In forensic contexts, eksplosivanalyse supports investigations by identifying explosive compounds such as primary and secondary explosives, decomposition products, and accompanying additives. Analyses may also aim to estimate timing, device design, or provenance. Analyses are conducted in accredited laboratories using validated methods.

Common analytical approaches combine presumptive screening with confirmatory instrumental techniques. Presumptive field tests or rapid screening methods may indicate the presence of energetic materials. Confirmatory analysis typically relies on instrumental methods such as gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, and in some cases X-ray diffraction or scanning electron microscopy with elemental analysis. Isotopic or elemental analysis can assist in tracing origins or composition.

Sample handling emphasizes chain of custody, contamination control, and proper storage, given the hazardous nature of samples. Typical workflow includes scene collection, sample preparation, qualitative and quantitative analysis, result interpretation, and documentation.

Challenges include complex matrices, degraded residues, trace amounts, and the need for rigorous quality assurance. Ethical and legal considerations, reproducibility, and regulatory compliance are integral to practice.